The resolution criteria and some of the background have been copied and edited from this shorter term question.

On 26 July 2023, a coup occured in Niger when the presidential guard detained president Mohamed Bazoum. The next day, the military recognised the junta, and on 28 July, ringleader of the coup General Abdourahmane Tchiani officially proclaimed himself as the President of the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland. This is the 4th coup in an ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States) country since 2021. Alongside international condemnation of the coup, ECOWAS issued an ultimatum on 30 July that all necessary measures, which may include the use of force, will be taken if Bazoum is not reinstated as president within one week.

ECOWAS has a history of military intervention in local conflicts with a potential for regional destabilization, including in Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea Bissau, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, and The Gambia.

On August 6th the deadline had passed, and as of August 9, 2023, ECOWAS has not launched a military intervention, saying it will hold a second emergency summit on Thursday August 10th.