Note: this is a long term question which will not count toward the tournament leaderboard. See the tournament page for details.
Under the 2005 International Health Regulations, WHO has the power to decide when to declare a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). A PHEIC is an “extraordinary event that constitutes a public health risk to other countries through international spread of disease and potentially requires a coordinated international response.”.
Since 2009, WHO has made six PHEIC declarations, the most recent of which was the 30 January 2020 PHEIC declaration of COVID-19.